Bio 270 Lab 7: Senses Worksheet

Name:

Fill in the following table and answer the accompanying questions based on your observations from the lab as well as your lecture knowledge of the special senses. You should each turn in a chart with your observations, but there only needs to be one set of questions answered. So turn in your group of 4 Worksheets stapled together, and make sure one of them contains answers to the questions.

Part 1: Taste and Smell

Chewing Gum

Fill in the flavor of gum you perceived in the following blanks and compare to the actual flavor of the gum.

Actual Flavor of gum

Dry tongue, nose closed

Chewing, nose closed

Chewing, nose open

Cinnamon

Spearmint

Peppermint

Juicy Fruit

Perform two of the following combinations and fill in your perceived flavor.

Actual Flavor Combination

Flavor perceived

Peppermint on dry tongue, cinnamon under nose

Spearmint on dry tongue, Juicy Fruit under nose

Juicy Fruit on dry tongue, Cinnamon under nose

Cinnamon on dry tongue, peppermint under nose

1. Were you able to correctly identify the flavor of the gum when the gum was placed on your dry tongue? Why or why not?

 

2. Does the sense of taste or of smell seem to be more important in the identification of flavor?

 

Vegetables

Fill in the type of food you perceived in the following blanks and compare to the actual item.

Dry tongue, nose closed

Chewing, nose closed

Chewing, nose open

Apple

Carrot

Onion

Potato

3. Did being able to chew the item help in its identification?

 

 

Part II: Proprioception (Kinesthetic Sense)Dynamic Equilibrium

Fill in the following table with a description of any deviation you had while walking the parallel lines under the following conditions.

 

Action

Status of Eyes

Description of Deviation (if any)

Walk parallel line

Eyes open

Eyes closed

Walk parallel line

Head tilted to right

Eyes open

Eyes closed

Walk parallel line

Body tilted to right

Eyes open

Eyes closed

Static Equilibrium

Fill in the following table your time in seconds while able to stand on the left foot under the following conditions.

 

Action

Eyes Open

Eyes Closed

Body erect

Head tilted to right

Body tilted to right

1. Did you walk less straight or stand on one leg longer when your eyes were closed? Why or why not?

 

2. Did tilting your body and/or head to the right inhibit your ability to walk straight or stand on one leg? What does this tell you about the importance of proprioceptors?

 

Location of Body Parts in Space

Record below the distance deviated from the original "x".

 

Trial 1 _____________cm

Trial 2 _____________cm

Trial 3 _____________cm

 

Write "physiology"

eyes open________________________________ eyes closed_______________________________

 

3. How do the two samples of writing compare? Explain.

 

Part III: Vision

Negative Afterimage

1. Describe your observations after focusing on the American flag.

2. What color is the complement of green?

 

3. What color is the complement of yellow?

 

4. Is it the rods or cones that are involved in the above? Offer an explanation for your answer.

 

Visual Field

Sketch your results below using colored pencils to indicate the colors tested.

 

5. What color enters the visual field first?

 

 

Color Blind Tests

6. Did you have any trouble identifying the patterns?

 

7. Name at least 3 activities or occupations in which color blindness would be a disadvantage.

8. In color blindness. is the retina deficiency in rods or cones or both?

 

Part IV: Hearing

Localization

1. In what direction was the power of localization most exact? Explain.

 

Auditory Fatigue

2. Were you able to hear the tuning fork when it was brought close again? If yes, what is the mechanism for this?

 

Bone Conduction

3. How do sound vibrations reach the organ of Corti in osseous type conduction?

 

4. If a patient cannot hear sounds through regular transmission, but can hear through osseous conduction, what is likely the problem?

 

5. How may bone conduction of sound be used in some hearing devices?

 

6. Which of the sound conduction routes is normally the most effective in conveying vibrations to the organ of hearing?

 

Part V: Pain

1. Describe your sensations as you continue to hold your elbow in cold water. Initially, you must feel the cold pain in your elbow, but over time does the sensation "travel"

 

2. Explain the apparent mechanism of referred pain.

 

Part VI: Temperature Sensations

Temperature Adaptation

1. Was the sensation the same in both hands when you placed your second middle finger in the hot water?

 

2. Why or why not?

 

 

Part VII: Touch

Two-point Threshold

1. List, from most sensitive to least sensitive, the body parts tested for two-point discrimination.

2. How many receptors are being stimulated when two points are felt as one?

3. Explain why some body parts are less discriminatory than others.